INTRODUCTION TO NUCLEAR PHYSICS

 by
        Dhruva S. Banavara.
This is a branch of Physics that deals with the interaction of mostly radioactive atoms, isotopes, and elements inside of a nuclear reactor and its corresponding Nuclear components
 
Nuclear physics provides information about the structure of nuclei that can be obtained from high-energy electron scattering experiment.
 
HISTORY
 
The history of nuclear Physics as a discipline, distinct from atomic physics starts with the discovery of radioactivity in 1896, by Henri Becquerel.
 
EARLY DISCOVERIES
 
Ernest Rutherford's team performed a remarkable experiment in which they fired alpha particles at a thin foil of Gold. The results of this experiment proved the existence of Nucleus.
 
In 1932, J. Chadwick realized that the radiation observed from the core of the atom was actually due to a neutral particle which was later called neutron.
 
RADIOACTIVITY
 
Radioactivity (also known as radioactive decay) is a process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by radiation. A material containing unstable nuclei is considered radioactive.
 
Radioactivity was discovered in 1896, by French scientist, Henri Becquerel, while working with phosphorescent materials.
 
NUCLEAR REACTION
 
Nuclear reaction is sementically considered in which two nuclei, or a nucleus and an external subatomic particle, collide to produce one or more new nuclides.
 
NUCLEAR FISSION
 
Nuclear fission is a nuclear reaction process in which the nucleus of an atom splits into two or more smaller nuclei.
 
CHAIN REACTION
 
If one or more of the produced neutrons themselves interact with other fissionable nuclei, and these also undergo fission, then the overall fission reaction won't stop, but continue throughout the reaction material. This is a self sustaining Nuclear Chain Reaction. This is the principle for Nuclear Reactors and Atomic Bombs.
 
MODERN NUCLEAR PHYSICS
 
A heavy Nucleus can contain hundreds of nucleons. This means that, it can be treated as a classical system, rather than a quantum or mechanical one.
 
Much of current research in Nuclear Physics relates to the study of nuclei, under extreme conditions.

Thank You!


 

 

 

 

 

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Python; Introduction and Installation -PART 1

Image
by    Aneesh R. Prabhu Introducing Python. P ython is an interpreted, high-level and general-purpose programming language. Created by Guido van Rossum and first released in 1991.  Python's simple, easy to learn syntax emphasizes readability and therefore reduces the cost of program maintenance. Python supports modules and packages, which encourages program modularity and code reuse. The Python interpreter and the extensive standard library are available in source or binary form without charge for all major platforms, and can be freely distributed. What makes Python special? Often, programmers fall in love with Python because of the increased productivity it provides. Since there is no compilation step, the edit-test-debug cycle is incredibly fast. Debugging Python programs is easy: a bug or bad input will never cause a segmentation fault. Instead, when the interpreter discovers an error, it raises an exception. When the program doesn't catch the exception, the interpreter...
Read more

A second home: Mars

Image
by      Chinmaya Srivatsa .K Photo by  Nicolas Lobos  on  Unsplash Introduction to the planet  Ever since the discovery of this red celestial object by Galileo Galilei in the year 1610, this planet has taken our breath away and left us awestruck. Galileo Galilei discovered this planet using a primitive telescope during September of 1610. He became the first man to observe the planet using a telescope. Nowadays, millions observe it during the last week of July of every year when it is closest to our Earth, many countries are planning unmanned space missions to Mars and a few countries are even planning to colonise Mars. If you are interested in the modern history and future of human activities on Mars, this is the right article for you.  Geographic factors  Mars has a number of interesting geographical factors which are similar to Earth’s including Mountains, Valleys, Plains, Volcanoes and Elevated Plains. But, the Martian surface has geograph...
Read more

Python; Print Command- PART 3

Image
 by       Aneesh R. Prabhu    The most common instruction given to a computer in any programming language is output some data either to user or console etc. Output Any type of of information we get from the computer is called output and y'll know it. This response you will get from a computer. An instruction is a unit of work for a computer. Values A value is a unit or a multiple units of information, like numbers, strings , character, character of numbers or etc. Print function If we need the computer to show any out, we use print function. Correct way of using Print function  is by typing print(arguments) . We need to pass a argument that computer should display. Arguments When a value is used in a function call, it is called an argument. Arguments are enclosed in parentheses after the function name. i.e <function_name>(<argument>) i.e print("hello world") In the above statement print is the function name and "hello world" is the arg...
Read more